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History of Titanium Industry Development
Titanium is a new metal that is widely used in industrial production such as aviation, aerospace
In 1791, British pastor W. Gregor discovered a new metallic element in black magnetite. In 1795, German chemist M. H. Klaproth also discovered this element while studying rutile and named it after the Greek god Titans. In 1910, American scientist M. A. Hunter first produced pure titanium by reducing TiCl with sodium. In 1940, Luxembourg scientist W. J. Kroll produced pure titanium by reducing TiCl with magnesium. Since then, the magnesium reduction method (also known as the Kroll process) and the sodium reduction method (also known as the Hunter process) have become industrial methods for producing sponge titanium. The United States produced 2 tons of sponge titanium using the magnesium reduction method in 1948, reaching an industrial production scale. Subsequently, the UK, Japan, the former Soviet Union, and China also entered industrial production, with the main titanium-producing countries being the former Soviet Union, Japan, and the United States.
Titanium is a new metal that is widely used in industrial production due to its series of excellent properties, including in aviation, aerospace, chemical engineering, petroleum, metallurgy, light industry, electricity, seawater desalination, ships, and daily life utensils. It is hailed as a modern metal. The production of metallic titanium has only a history of half a century since 1948, developing alongside the aviation and aerospace industries. Its development has experienced several ups and downs, mainly due to its relation to the aircraft manufacturing industry. However, overall, the speed of titanium development is very fast, surpassing that of any other non-ferrous metal. This can be seen from the global development of the sponge titanium industry: the production scale of sponge titanium was 60kt/a in the 1960s, 110kt/a in the 1970s, 130kt/a in the 1980s, and reached 140kt/a by 1992. The actual output reached a historical high of 105kt/a in 1990.
Entering the 1990s, the market was weak in previous years due to a decrease in military titanium and the sale of stockpiled sponge titanium by countries like Russia. In 1995, the titanium market began to recover, mainly due to a significant increase in civilian titanium for commercial aircraft like the B777 and golf clubs. In 1996, the demand for titanium reached a new high. Experts predict that the demand for titanium will continue to grow significantly in the coming years. Currently, the main reason hindering the application of titanium is its high price. It is expected that with advancements in science and technology, continuous improvement of titanium production processes, expansion of production capacity, enhancement of management levels, and further reduction of the cost of titanium products, a broader titanium market will inevitably be developed.
Titanium,Metal,Aviation,Aerospace,Chemical Engineering
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